Peru is one of the nine countries that make up the Amazon. With an extension of almost 8 million square kilometers, the Amazon region is made up of parts of Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.
After Brazil, Peru is the second country in the territory of the Amazon jungle. Thus, the Peruvian Amazon comprises an area of 782,880.55 square kilometers to the east of the Andes mountain range.
It is one of the areas with the greatest biodiversity and endemism (ecological status of a species that is unique for a defined geographical location) on the planet and occupies two natural regions: the high jungle and the low jungle, more than 60% of the Peruvian territory.
It is located in the northeast of the country, it has part of the mountains and jungle. It limits to the north with Ecuador; to the east with Loreto; to the southeast with San Martín; to the south with La Libertad; and to the west with cajamarca. Its Andean relief is formed by the so-called Cordillera del Cóndor.
Its surface area of 39,249 km² is similar to that of Switzerland. Its coordinates are 2º 59' south latitude and it is located between the meridians 77º 9' and 78º 42' west longitude.
Its population amounts to 375,993 inhabitants (National Population and Housing Census 2007, National Institute of Statistics and Informatics of Peru), of which 192,940 are men and 183,053 women.
Its relief is very rugged and covers inter-Andean and jungle regions. In it, he highlights the Cordillera del Cóndor, between the Peru-Ecuador border, the Andean Central Cordillera, which gives origin to the hydrographic basin of the Marañón River, in the northern part it moves to the east, on flat terrain, and small topographic accidents. To the south, its relief is rugged and with greater heights.
It has the following geographical features:
It varies from 40 °C in the north to 2 °C in the southern ranges. The average temperature is 25°C. In the Amazon jungle the temperature is high.
However, despite its extension, this demarcation is also characterized by being the least populated in Peru, since it is home to only 13% of the country's inhabitants.
The descendants of more than 51 indigenous peoples coexist in this area. In addition, a large number of indigenous communities considered isolated still survive in it.
Environmental pollution, illegal logging, wildlife depredation, biopiracy and desertification, and oil exploitation are the main factors that cause the destruction of the Peruvian jungle. The negative impact of all of them presents as primary effects the degradation of natural resources and the rapid decline in the living conditions of the population.
The Amazonian territory of the aforementioned nation has 10 ecclesiastical jurisdictions: 8 vicariates and 2 dioceses.
The folklore of the department of Amazonas is influenced by dances, songs and clothing found in other departments of Peru, for example, Puno or Cuzco. His Folklore is nourished rather by legends, stories and tales in which the mystery and the inexplicable. Towns, lagoons, hills, images, always have an origin that it invariably contravenes the rules of logic or biology.
Some of the most representative dances of the Amazonas Region are:
It is located in the Province of Luya. Well-preserved Archaeological remains above the Utcubamba River Valley, the most interesting place in the department of Amazonas. Located 3,072 meters above sea level, in the south west of Chachapoyas, on the bottom of a ravine cut into a peak on two sides. It is estimated that it has three times the volume of the Cheops pyramid (Egypt), which was abandoned before the conquest and was inhabited by about 2,000 people.
The museum, inaugurated in 2000, houses more than 200 mummies found in the Laguna de los Cóndores.
It is located two hours from the populated center of Arrayán. It is a series of buildings on the slopes of the central mountain range of the Andes, the structures are semi-circular in shape and possibly served as a surveillance place, since from there you can see the entire valley of the lower Utcubamba, Marañón and Chinchipe.
Located in the Quinjalca district, on the banks of the Imaza river, adjacent to the Olleros district, it is located in a beautiful ravine between trees and rocks, where a number of human remains of the ancient Quinjalcas were found.
At 895.4 meters high, it is the highest waterfall in the region and one of the highest in the world. It is located in the Cuispes district, 25 minutes from Pedro Ruiz Gallo and just over 1 hour from the city of Chachapoyas. On the same mountain and accompanying the imposing Yumbilla waterfall, there are two other huge waterfalls, Chinata waterfall 560 meters high and Pabellón waterfall 400 meters high, all of them in a forest of jungle, where you can find among others, cock of the rocks, spectacled bear, yellow-tailed woolly monkey, sloths or spatula-tailed hummingbird.
Known locally as "La chorrera", it is 771 meters high, it is another of the highest waterfalls in the world, it was publicly disseminated in 2006 by German researchers and it is located in the hamlets of Cocachimba and San Pablo.
Seven waterfalls with an average height of 75 meters. They are accompanied by a great diversity of flora and fauna such as the cock of the rocks, the spatula-tailed hummingbird, the spectacled bear, etc.; in addition to woody plants, such as cedar, quina, etc.
It has a fall of 90 meters high, its waters will constitute the Aramango ravine.
At 2,285 meters above sea level, there are tourist complexes such as the Tabla Rumi Lagoon, the thermo-medicinal waters, etc.
They are two caverns that in the formative period had human occupation. They are located in the hamlet of Cambiopitec; To get there you have to walk two and a half hours on foot or twenty minutes by car starting from the town of Copallín. Stairs have been built for access.
It is a natural tourist attraction. You can see the impressive calcareous needles of different shapes and sizes known as stalactites and stalagmites. Are mineral formations that are frequently found in caves and caverns, are accumulation of calcium carbonate. In the case of stalactites with calcareous accumulations that detach from the ceilings of the caves in the shape of an inverted cone. Stalagmites are those that emerge from the ground upwards, they are formed over thousands of years by precipitation of minerals from groundwater.
Located one hour from the district of La Peca, between winters and coffee fields. Its entrance is rugged, its interior with large and narrow passages, a large number of stalactites and stalagmites.
It is the entrance of the Marañón river in the central mountain range. It is located only 14 km from the city of Bagua and 400 meters above sea level.
It is a gorge 12 km long by 45 m wide (at its narrowest part), which concentrates the waters until causing a roar that extends for several kilometers in all directions.
Natural cut of the mountain range made by the La Peca ravine.
Its area is 3 km. The depth of 100 m., in the deepest part. It is only 2 hours from Bagua, Av. Marginal de la Selva by truck. It is favorable for swimming, fishing and boating.
Its area is 1.5 km. The depth of 80 m. in the deep end. It is only 2 hours from Bagua, by rural van. It is favorable for swimming and boating.
Utcubamba Valley, has a stone monument with huge walls finished around the 13th century.
Paraíso de las Orquídeas, in the province of Bongará, 40 km from the Pomacochas lagoon, where there are more than 2,500 varieties of orchids.
They inhabit the jungle districts of Bagua, Aramango and Imaza.
They have their own language and unique crafts. The Aguarunas and the Huambisas are representatives of this human group.
The biodiverse potential of the Amazon basin, which encompasses many countries and areas, often feels threatened by interests, both from various companies in search of their raw material and from some nations to obtain economic benefits.
The exploitation of Amazonian biodiversity is palpable at every step, and day after day we can verify that biological diversity is disappearing at an accelerated rate.
In recent decades, the incentives have increased in which many express companies have developed different medicine, food and even cosmetic products, based on many of the natural and native species of the Amazon region, however, we continue with the constant plundering of the exuberant Amazonian ecosystem – we can see what biodiversity is from the reference article – which provides us with the largest lung on the planet.
We provide facts to learn the main data and characteristics of the Amazon's biodiversity and thus have an overview of its importance on the planet:
Although we all continue to know that the Amazon is unique; It is unique in its scale, in the diversity of its (indigenous) human societies and its wild nature, due to the global importance it occupies in global consciousness.
Unfortunately, society has become accustomed to hearing bad news, creating a normality in the consciousness of society, which in reality should not be. It is not an option to try to save the largest jungle in the world, it is already an obligation!
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